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Compare Baker Island (2001) - Christmas Island (2008)
Compare Baker Island (2001) z Christmas Island (2008)
| Baker Island (2001) | Christmas Island (2008) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
| Agriculture - products | - | NA |
| Airports | 1 abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m, completely covered with vegetation and unusable (2000 est.) | 1 (2007) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
| Area | total:
1.4 sq km land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 135 sq km
land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast. | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. |
| Birth rate | - | NA |
| Budget | - | revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA |
| Capital | - | name: The Settlement
geographic coordinates: 10 25 S, 105 43 E time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun | tropical with a wet season (December to April) and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds |
| Coastline | 4.8 km | 138.9 km |
| Constitution | - | Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Baker Island |
conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island
conventional short form: Christmas Island |
| Death rate | - | NA |
| Dependency status | unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system | non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Attorney-General's Department |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $NA |
| Economy - overview | no economic activity | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993, but closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, expected to begin operations in the near future. |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 8 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
| Environment - current issues | no natural fresh water resources | loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining |
| Ethnic groups | - | Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%
note: no indigenous population (2001) |
| Exchange rates | - | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | - | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | - | phosphate |
| Exports - partners | - | Australia, NZ (2006) |
| Fiscal year | - | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | the flag of the US is used | territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island
note: the flag of Australia is used for official purposes |
| Geographic coordinates | 0 13 N, 176 31 W | 10 30 S, 105 40 E |
| Geography - note | treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean |
| Imports | - | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | - | consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | - | principally Australia (2006) |
| Independence | - | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industries | - | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) |
| Infant mortality rate | - | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| International organization participation | - | none |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1993) | NA |
| Judicial branch | - | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | - | NA |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005) |
| Languages | - | English (official), Chinese, Malay |
| Legal system | the laws of the US, where applicable, apply | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 20 October 2007 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | - | NA |
| Location | Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia |
| Map references | Oceania | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard | defense is the responsibility of Australia |
| National holiday | - | Australia Day, 26 January (1788) |
| Nationality | - | noun: Christmas Islander(s)
adjective: Christmas Island |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard |
| Natural resources | guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife | phosphate, beaches |
| Net migration rate | - | NA |
| Political parties and leaders | - | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | none |
| Population | uninhabited
note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service (July 2001 est.) |
1,402 (July 2006 est.) (July 2007 est.) |
| Population growth rate | - | 0% (2007 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only; note - there is one small boat landing area along the middle of the west coast | - |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006) |
| Religions | - | Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997) |
| Sex ratio | - | NA |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment: service provided by the Australian network
domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - 1 INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 0 (TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia) (2006) |
| Terrain | low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | - | NA |
| Waterways | none | - |
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